The life cycle of the cell is divided into stages which define periods of rest, DNA replication, or cell division. The mammalian cell cycle consists of a primary growth phase (G1 phase) during which the cell is impressionable to extracellular signals which influence the decision to commit to cell duplication. Upon reception of such signals, the cell proceeds to replicate its entire genome during the DNA synthesis phase (S phase). Following DNA synthesis, the cell enters a second growth phase (G2) during which preparations are made to duplicate the remaining components of the cell to create 2 identical sister cells. This process, referred to as mitosis, defines the activities of the mitotic phase (M phase). Proliferating cells
Tracking and measuring the cell cycle
Ki67 easurements:
The Ki-67 protein encoded by the MKI67 gene serves as a cellular marker for proliferation since expression is detectable during G1, S, G2, and mitosis, but remains absent from during G0. Cellular localization fluctuates during active phases of the cell cycle such that Ki-67 exhibits nuclear localization during interphase, and localizes to chromasome surfaces during mitosis. While the function of Ki67 remains unclear, inactivation inhibits rRNA synthesis
BrDu
E2F: E2a-factor
DRTF (aka E2F): differentiation regulated transcription factor
DP1: DRTF-polypeptide-1 (acronym often incorrectly decoded as 'dimerization partner 1') - LaThangue (1993) - see his DRTF 1994 review.
Tracking and measuring the cell cycle
Ki67 easurements:
The Ki-67 protein encoded by the MKI67 gene serves as a cellular marker for proliferation since expression is detectable during G1, S, G2, and mitosis, but remains absent from during G0. Cellular localization fluctuates during active phases of the cell cycle such that Ki-67 exhibits nuclear localization during interphase, and localizes to chromasome surfaces during mitosis. While the function of Ki67 remains unclear, inactivation inhibits rRNA synthesis
BrDu
E2F: E2a-factor
DRTF (aka E2F): differentiation regulated transcription factor
DP1: DRTF-polypeptide-1 (acronym often incorrectly decoded as 'dimerization partner 1') - LaThangue (1993) - see his DRTF 1994 review.